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Arthroscopic Meniscal Repair

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Arthroscopic meniscal repair is a minimally invasive knee surgery used to repair a torn meniscus using small instruments and a camera inserted through tiny incisions.
The meniscus is a C-shaped cartilage cushion in the knee that helps absorb shock, stabilize the joint, and distribute weight between the femur and tibia.

Causes of Meniscus Tear

Meniscal injuries can occur due to:

  • Sports injuries with twisting movements
  • Sudden pivoting of the knee
  • Deep squatting or lifting
  • Degenerative changes in older adults
  • Associated ligament injuries (such as ACL tear)
Symptoms

Common symptoms include:

    • Knee pain
    • Swelling
    • Locking or catching of the knee
    • Difficulty bending or straightening the knee
    • Knee instability
Types of Meniscal Tears

Common tear patterns include:

    • Longitudinal tear
    • Bucket-handle tear
    • Radial tear
    • Horizontal tear
    • Complex tear
Arthroscopic Meniscal Repair Techniques

Surgeons repair the torn meniscus using sutures through arthroscopy. Techniques include:

  1. Inside-Out Technique
    • Sutures passed from inside the joint to outside.
  2. Outside-In Technique
    • Sutures inserted from outside the joint inward.
  3. All-Inside Technique
    • Specialized devices used entirely within the joint.
Basic Surgical Steps
  1. Arthroscope inserted through small knee portals.
  2. Meniscal tear identified and evaluated.
  3. Edges of the tear prepared to promote healing.
  4. Sutures or fixation devices placed to repair the tear.
  5. Stability of the meniscus is checked.
Advantages of Meniscal Repair
  • Preserves the natural meniscus
  • Maintains knee stability
  • Reduces risk of future arthritis
  • Better long-term joint health compared to meniscus removal
Recovery and Rehabilitation
  • Partial weight bearing: usually 2–4 weeks
  • Knee brace may be used
  • Physiotherapy to regain motion and strength
  • Return to sports: typically 3–6 months
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Possible Complications
  • Failure of repair or re-tear
  • Knee stiffness
  • Infection
  • Persistent pain or swelling

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    Arthroscopic meniscal repair is preferred whenever possible because preserving the meniscus helps maintain normal knee function and protects the joint from early degenerative arthritis.