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Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair

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Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair is a minimally invasive shoulder surgery used to repair a torn rotator cuff tendon using an arthroscope (a small camera) and specialized instruments inserted through small incisions.

The rotator cuff is a group of four muscles and tendons that stabilize the shoulder and allow lifting and rotation of the arm.

Rotator Cuff Muscles

The rotator cuff consists of four muscles:

  • Supraspinatus
  • Infraspinatus
  • Teres Minor
  • Subscapularis

These muscles help stabilize the shoulder joint and control arm movements.

Causes of Rotator Cuff Tear

Rotator cuff tears may occur due to:

  • Degenerative changes with age
  • Repetitive overhead activities
  • Sports injuries
  • Heavy lifting
  • Trauma or falls on the shoulder
Symptoms

Common symptoms include:

  • Shoulder pain, especially during overhead activities
  • Weakness in the arm
  • Difficulty lifting the arm
  • Night pain while lying on the affected shoulder
  • Reduced shoulder range of motion
Arthroscopic Repair Technique

The torn tendon is reattached to the humeral head using suture anchors.

Basic Surgical Steps
  1. Small portals created around the shoulder joint.
  2. Arthroscope inserted to visualize the joint.
  3. Torn rotator cuff tendon identified and prepared.
  4. Suture anchors placed in the humeral bone.
  5. Sutures passed through the tendon and tied to reattach it to bone.
  6. Stability of the repair is checked before closing the portals.
Advantages of Arthroscopic Technique
  • Small incisions
  • Less tissue damage
  • Less postoperative pain
  • Better visualization of the shoulder joint
  • Faster recovery compared to open surgery
Recovery and Rehabilitation
  • Arm sling: usually worn for 4–6 weeks
  • Physiotherapy: essential to restore movement and strength
  • Light activities: around 6–8 weeks
  • Full recovery: typically 4–6 months
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Possible Complications
  • Re-tear of the tendon
  • Shoulder stiffness
  • Infection
  • Nerve injury (rare)

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    Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair is considered the gold standard treatment for symptomatic rotator cuff tears, helping restore shoulder strength, stability, and function while minimizing surgical trauma.Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair is considered the gold standard treatment for symptomatic rotator cuff tears, helping restore shoulder strength, stability, and function while minimizing surgical trauma.